An inverter circuit board primarily consists of a power supply board, a control board, a driver board, and a front panel.

I. Resistors:

Resistors are denoted by the letter “R” on the circuit board. Units include: ohms (Ω), kiloohms (kΩ), and megaohms (MΩ). Resistor symbols are represented as follows: 1. Based on resistance characteristics, they can be classified as fixed resistors, variable resistors, and special-purpose resistors. 2. Based on material, they can be classified as carbon-film resistors, metal-film resistors, wire-wound resistors, non-inductive resistors, and thin-film resistors. 3. Based on mounting method, they can be classified as through-hole resistors and surface-mount resistors. 4. Based on function, they can be classified as load resistors, sampling resistors, shunt resistors, and protective resistors.

II. Capacitors

A capacitor is a component capable of storing electrical energy. It is primarily used for filtering, coupling, and resonance. Since our inverter circuit boards also utilize these functions, capacitors are naturally indispensable.

III. Inductors

Inductors (inductive coils) and transformers are both electromagnetic components wound from insulated wire (such as enameled wire or yarn-wrapped wire). Classified by application, they include oscillation inductors, correction inductors, CRT deflection inductors, choke inductors, filter inductors, isolation inductors, and compensated inductors.

IV. Diodes

A diode is a power electronic component capable of conducting or blocking current. It is formed by combining a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor; when a forward voltage is applied, it conducts.

V. Transistors

The full name of a transistor is “semiconductor transistor”; it is also known as a bipolar transistor or crystal transistor. It is a semiconductor device in which current controls current. Its function is to amplify weak signals into electrical signals with higher amplitude; it is also used as a solid-state switch. 

1): By material: silicon transistors, germanium transistors 

2): By structure: NPN, PNP 

3): By function: switching transistors, power transistors, Darlington transistors, phototransistors, etc. 

4): By power rating: low-power transistors, medium-power transistors, high-power transistors 

5): By operating frequency: low-frequency transistors, high-frequency transistors, ultra-high-frequency transistors 

6): By manufacturing process: alloy transistors, planar transistors 

7): By mounting method: through-hole transistors, surface-mount transistors

VI. IGBT

IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is a composite, fully controllable, voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of a BJT (bipolar junction transistor) and an MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor).

VII. Optocouplers

An optocoupler is a device that transmits electrical signals via light. It typically consists of a light source (light-emitting diode) and a light-receiving unit (photosensitive semiconductor) encapsulated within a single housing. When the light source emits light, the light-receiving unit detects it and generates a photocurrent that flows out through the output terminal, thereby achieving “electric-to-optical-to-electric” conversion.

VIII. Crystal Oscillator

A crystal oscillator, commonly referred to as a quartz crystal resonator, is an electromechanical device made by precision-cutting and polishing a quartz crystal—which has very low electrical loss—and then plating it with electrodes and soldering leads to it.

IX. Other components include multi-pin chips, seven-segment displays, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), relays, buzzers, and more.